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The adjusted closing price changes the closing price of a share to reflect the value of that share after accounting for any corporate action. Allocation is the systematic distribution of business resources between different entities and over time.# Alphabet shares are shares of a publicly traded company that have different classes of shares, commonly referred to as “.A shares” or “.B shares”. Anti-dilution clauses are clauses built into convertible preferred shares to help protect investors from their investments that could lose value. Par value is the price at which the bond was issued, also known as its face value. A backstop is the act of providing extreme assistance or security in an offering of securities to an unsubscribed portion of the shares. The basic materials sector consists of companies involved in the exploration, development and processing of raw materials. BAT stock is an acronym used to refer to China’s top three technology companies: Baidu Inc., Alibaba Holding Group Ltd. and Tencent Holdings Ltd. Bearer shares are unregistered equity securities owned by the owner of the physical shares documents. The issuing company pays dividends to holders of physical coupons. Bioremediation is a branch of biotechnology that uses living organisms such as microbes and bacteria to decontaminate affected areas.