The demographic dividend is economic growth caused by a change in the structure of the country’s population, as a rule, as a result of a decrease in birth and death rates.
The demographic dividend occurs as the productivity of the working population increases, which increases per capita income.
The first period of the demographic dividend can last 50 years or more, and then the second period can last indefinitely as the aging population invests in various investment vehicles.
Demographic dividends can be found in savings, labor supply, human capital and economic growth.
An economist is an expert who studies the relationship between a society’s resources and its production or output, using a number of different indicators to predict future trends.
An absolute advantage is when a manufacturer can provide a greater quantity of a product or service for the same price or the same quantity at a lower price than its competitors.
Animal spirits come from the Latin spiritus animalis: “breath that awakens the human mind.” It was introduced by the British economist John Maynard Keynes in 1936.
Autarky refers to a state of self-sufficiency and is commonly used to describe countries or economies that seek to reduce their dependence on international trade.
Automatic Stabilizers is a permanent government policy that automatically adjusts tax rates and transfers payments in a way that stabilizes income, consumption, and business spending over the business cycle.
The balance of trade (BOT) is the difference between the value of a country’s imports and exports over a given period and is the largest component of a country’s balance of payments (BOP).
“Best Effort” is a legal term that represents the obligation of a party to a contract to take all possible steps to fulfill the terms of the agreement.