Force majeure - a clause that is included in contracts to remove liability for unforeseen and inevitable disasters that violate the expected course of events and prevent the participants from fulfilling their obligations.
These provisions generally cover both natural and man-made disasters.
In some jurisdictions, there are three tests to determine the applicability of force majeure protection: the event must be unforeseen, external and irresistible.
Questions have been raised about what can and cannot be foreseen in a legal sense, given the increased awareness of pandemics, asteroids, supervolcanoes, cyber threats and nuclear war.
Force majeure is contrary to the concept of “pacta sunt servanda”, the principle of international law, according to which agreements must be respected, not deviated from them.
Garden leave is a transitional period for employees who give or receive notice of termination, leaving them on the payroll but away from the workplace.
Bargaining means to negotiate the price of a good or service until a mutually agreed price is determined.
Bargaining is a method in which two or more parties make consecutive offers and counter offers until an agreement is reached.