Guidance

• The adjusted closing price changes the closing price of a share to reflect the value of that share after accounting for any corporate action.

• Alphabet shares are shares of a publicly traded company that have different classes of shares, commonly referred to as “.A shares” or “.B shares”.

• Cyclical stocks are affected by macroeconomic changes when their returns match the cycles of the economy.

• J is a five-letter designation used to illustrate that a Nasdaq-listed security has voting rights.

• The lockup agreement temporarily prohibits company insiders from selling shares after the IPO.

• The Nasdaq Capital Market (Nasdaq-CM) is one of three levels of listing on the Nasdaq exchange, designed specifically for companies that need to raise capital.

• OEX, which is traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), is the ticker used to denote options on the Standard & Poor’s 100 Index.

• The universe of securities refers to a complete set of securities that have some common features or traits.

• Unlisted trading privileges (UTP) refer to the rules for trading securities that do not qualify for listing on an exchange.

• The 100% equity strategy assumes only long equity positions.

• This investment strategy uses selling short stocks and using the proceeds from the sale of those stocks to buy and hold the best rated stocks for a specified period of time.

• After hours trading starts at 16:00. and ends around 8 pm.

Allocation is the systematic distribution of business resources between different entities and over time.#

• Anti-dilution clauses are clauses built into convertible preferred shares to help protect investors from their investments that could lose value.

• Par value is the price at which the bond was issued, also known as its face value.

• The authorized reserve refers to the maximum number of shares that a publicly traded company may issue, as specified in its articles of incorporation or articles of association.

• BAT stock is an acronym used to refer to China’s top three technology companies: Baidu Inc., Alibaba Holding Group Ltd. and Tencent Holdings Ltd.

• A backstop is the act of providing extreme assistance or security in an offering of securities to an unsubscribed portion of the shares.

• The basic materials sector consists of companies involved in the exploration, development and processing of raw materials.

• Basis risk is the potential risk arising from the mismatch of the hedged position.

• Bearer shares are unregistered equity securities owned by the owner of the physical shares documents. The issuing company pays dividends to holders of physical coupons.

• Bioremediation is a branch of biotechnology that uses living organisms such as microbes and bacteria to decontaminate affected areas.

• The “tit in hand” theory says that investors prefer stock dividends over potential capital gains due to the uncertainty of capital gains.

• Under the blue chips we mean an established, stable and well-known corporation.

• Blue chip stocks are huge companies with great reputations, often including some of the most famous companies.