The one-child policy was a Chinese government policy to curb population growth. It is estimated to have prevented about 400 million births in the country.
It was introduced in 1979 and abolished in 2015, with a mix of rewards and sanctions.
The one-child policy has had three important consequences for China’s demographics: it has significantly lowered the birth rate, skewed China’s sex ratio as people chose to abort or abandon their female babies, and led to a labor shortage due to more elderly people rely on their children to take care of them.
China A-share is the shares of companies based in mainland China that are traded on two Chinese stock exchanges: the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE).
American Depository Shares (ADAs) refer to shares of foreign companies held by US depository banks and can be traded in the US, including on major exchanges.
Berhad (BHD) is the suffix used in Malaysia to denote a public limited company. The suffix Sendirian Berhad (SDN BHD) identifies a private limited company.
The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), founded in 1875 as an Association of Local Shareholders and Stockbrokers, is the first stock exchange in Asia and the largest securities market in India.
Export credit agencies offer loans, credit guarantees and insurance to help domestic companies limit the risk of selling goods and services in foreign markets.
The Financial Times Stock Exchange Group (FTSE) is a financial institution that specializes in managing asset exchanges and creating index offerings for global financial markets.