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The qualifying ratio measures a borrower’s ability to repay a loan, usually as a ratio of either debt to income or housing costs to income. Qualified Adoption Expenses (QAE) are the necessary expenses for the adoption of a child under 18 or a disabled person in need of care. Contributions to a qualified annuity are made with pre-tax dollars. Qualified Automatic Contribution Arrangements (QACA) are a form of automatic contribution pension plan offered by employers. A qualified charitable organization is recognized as exempt from taxes when carrying out philanthropic, non-commercial or civic activities. A disclaimer is a part of the US tax code that allows real estate to pass to a beneficiary without being subject to income tax. A qualified distribution is a tax-free and penalty-free exit from a qualified retirement plan, such as a 401(k) or 403(b) plan. Qualified dividends are taxed at the capital gains tax rate, while ordinary dividends are taxed at standard federal income tax rates. A Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor (QDII) is an institutional investor who meets the requirements for investing in securities in foreign markets. A Family Relations Restricted Order (QDRO) means—or is defined as—a legal document that can be issued in Family Court.