Income is the change in the price of an asset, investment or project over time, which can be represented as a price change or percentage change.
A positive return represents a profit, and a negative return means a loss.
Earnings are often annualized for comparison purposes, while holding period earnings calculate the profit or loss over the entire investment holding period.
Real yield takes into account the impact of inflation and other external factors, while nominal yield is only interested in price changes.
The total return on shares includes the change in price, as well as dividend and interest payments.
There are several yield ratios to use in fundamental analysis.