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The U-6 rate (unemployment) is sometimes referred to as the “real” unemployment rate. A U-shaped recovery is so called because during these periods the main indicators of economic activity take the form of the letter “U”. President John F. Kennedy created USAID in 1961 to manage the federal government’s foreign aid programs. The Department of Health and Human Services is a federal department dedicated to promoting the health and well-being of US citizens. The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is a US government agency that supports community development and home ownership. The US Department of Veterans Affairs has three departments: the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA), and the National Cemetery Administration (NCA). The US dollar index is used to measure the value of the dollar against a basket of six foreign currencies. Interest on US EE Savings Bonds is taxed at the federal level, but not at the state or local level. US savings bonds are a form of government debt issued to US citizens to fund federal spending. The US Department of the Treasury is the government agency responsible for managing all federal finances.